How to train specialists to operate self-propelled vehicles

Important points on self-propelled vehicles

You need to know what categories self-propelled vehicles are divided into and what licenses you need to obtain. The level of security in companies and organizations depends on this.

To drive such vehicles, you must obtain special licenses.

Traffic police officers classify driving self-propelled vehicles with an inappropriate license as driving without a license. Responsibility for violating this rule can be not only administrative, but even criminal.

If the violations are serious enough, not only the perpetrators of the violations and crimes, but also the managers of the companies in which they work can be held accountable.

Punishments are imposed on them for the reason that they allowed the equipment to be controlled by people who do not have the right and proper skills to do so.

Definition of the term

The definition of the concept is given in paragraph 2 of the General Provisions of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 796 of July 12, 1999:

Self-propelled vehicles ... mean tractors, self-propelled road-building machines and other ground-based trackless mechanical vehicles with independent drive, having an internal combustion engine with a volume of over 50 cubic meters. cm or an electric motor with a maximum power of more than 4 kW (with the exception of motor vehicles intended for movement on public roads with a maximum design speed of more than 50 km/h, and self-propelled combat vehicles of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, other troops, military formations and bodies performing missions in the field of defense and state security).

Which machines belong to which categories: snowplow, tractor and others.

The technology in question varies not only in appearance, but also in purpose. There are the following categories of self-propelled vehicles:

• A. The most extensive group, including several subcategories. The 1st category includes motorized vehicles capable of driving off-road, including ATVs and snowmobiles. The 2nd category includes vehicles weighing up to 3.5 tons and the number of passenger seats up to 8. They are also off-road, for example, swamp vehicles are included here.

3rd subcategory – vehicles weighing more than 3.5 tons, such as the Ural-Polarnik all-terrain vehicle. The 4th category includes vehicles manufactured for passenger transportation with more than 8 seats (similar ones are used at airports).

• B. This is equipment with a motor power of up to 25.7 kW, moving on wheels or tracks. The unit can run on any fuel or be electric. This group includes mini-tractors and similar excavators and electric forklifts.

• C. Also a large group, this includes vehicles with an engine of 25.7-110.3 kW. These are loaders with a bucket or forks from mini to large.
• D. This includes vehicles on wheels with a motor of 110.3 kW or more. These are front loaders used, for example, to move large-tonnage containers. Volvo, Caterpillar, and Dresta have similar ones.

• E. This is a tracked vehicle with a motor starting from 25.7 kW. This includes tractors and excavators with the corresponding indicator.
• F. This includes vehicles for agricultural purposes.

The right to drive self-propelled machines is given by a tractor driver's document. It must indicate the category of the vehicle the person was trained to drive.

Categories of self-propelled vehicles

It is not difficult to understand the main categories of self-propelled vehicles, as well as the licenses required to operate them. In this case, Resolution No. 796 of July 12, 1999 should be taken as a basis.

It provides information related to the management of machines and the issuance of certificates intended for this process.

The document that allows you to drive a self-propelled vehicle and is issued to the driver is called in 2021, as before, the tractor driver’s license.

The received tractor driver's license may contain entries on certain categories of modern equipment. Each point in the classification of self-propelled vehicles into categories must be considered in more detail.

Category A

Category A is modern motor vehicles that are not intended for travel on public highways or have a maximum speed level not exceeding 50 km/h.

This may include vehicles such as:

1. I – these are motorized off-road vehicles – snowmobiles and ATVs.
2. II – automobile off-road vehicles with a permissible weight of up to 3.5 thousand kg and a number of passenger seats of no more than eight. This subcategory includes swamp vehicles, vehicles of the side-by-side category and usually those with a body.
3. III is a special category of off-road vehicles with a permissible weight above 3.5 tons. An example of these vehicles is an all-terrain vehicle or dump truck of the Ural-Polarnik brand.
4. IV – off-road vehicles that are designed to transport passengers, and also have more than eight seats in addition to the driver’s seat. An example here would be an airport bus ramp.

Category B

Category B consists of wheeled and tracked vehicles with engines whose power does not exceed 25.7 kW.

These vehicles can be completely different - gasoline, diesel, and electric.

This category includes the bulk of electric forklifts, mini-tractors and mini-excavators.

Drivers of electric forklifts will need to obtain a tractor driver's license; category B and special o.

Category C

This category includes special wheeled vehicles, the engine power level of which ranges from 25.7 to 110.3 kW. This category of vehicles is the most popular.

This includes:

1. Diesel forklifts.
2. Loaders of the bucket category.
3. Mini variants of Bobcat.
4. Some Amcord models.

On a driver's license in this category you can find such marks as tractor driver, loader driver and excavator driver.

If you are wondering what category tractors and other self-propelled machines belong to, then this is precisely category C.

Category D

This category includes special wheeled vehicles equipped with engines with power above 110.3 kW. We are talking about such fairly powerful front loaders as Dresta, Volvo, Caterpillar.

This also includes vehicles designed for transporting sea containers. The certificate may contain marks characteristic of category C.

Category E

These are special tracked vehicles equipped with an engine whose power exceeds 25.7 kW. Driver's licenses of this category are marked with "O" or "excavator operator".

Category F

This category presents all types of modern agricultural machines.

New categories of tractor driver's license

Until November 13, 2011, there were 6 categories of tractor driver licenses. After the innovations come into force, 3 new subcategories will be added to them:

4. A tractor operator's (tractor operator) certificate confirms the right to drive self-propelled machines of the following categories:

• Category “A” - motorized vehicles not intended for driving on public roads (off-road motorized vehicles);
• category “B” - tracked and wheeled vehicles with an engine power of up to 25.7 kW;
• category “C” - wheeled vehicles with an engine power from 25.7 to 77.2 kW;
• category “D” - wheeled vehicles with an engine power exceeding 77.2 kW;
• category “E” - tracked vehicles with an engine power of over 25.7 kW;
• category "F" - self-propelled agricultural machines.

4. A tractor operator's (tractor operator) certificate confirms the right to drive self-propelled machines of the following categories:

• Category “A” - motor vehicles not intended for driving on public roads or having a maximum design speed of 50 km/h or less:
• I - off-road motor vehicles;
• II - off-road vehicles, the permissible maximum weight of which does not exceed 3500 kilograms and the number of seats in which, in addition to the driver’s seat, does not exceed 8;
• III - off-road vehicles, the permissible maximum weight of which exceeds 3500 kilograms (except for those belonging to category “A IV”);
• IV - off-road vehicles intended for the transport of passengers and having, in addition to the driver’s seat, more than 8 seats;
• category “B” - tracked and wheeled vehicles with an engine power of up to 25.7 kW;
• category “C” - wheeled vehicles with an engine power from 25.7 to 110.3 kW;
• category “D” - wheeled vehicles with an engine power exceeding 110.3 kW;
• category “E” - tracked vehicles with an engine power of over 25.7 kW;
• category "F" - self-propelled agricultural machines.

The first change that is worth paying attention to is the change in the limits for categories C and D. Now category C of the tractor driver's license allows you to drive a wider range of vehicles.

Well, the second, no less significant change is the introduction of subcategories of category A.

The new AI category will correspond to the old A category, i.e. It will fit a wide variety of ATVs, snowmobiles and similar vehicles.

Category A II is an analogue of category B for ordinary cars, with the only difference being that it is intended exclusively for off-road vehicles.

Category A III is an analogue of category C, and category A IV is an analogue of category D. That is. Having a category A IV tractor driver's license, you can also drive off-road minibuses that can bypass city traffic jams through nearby swamps.

Basic requirements for drivers

To obtain all of the categories of rights listed above, the driver must meet certain requirements.

To be admitted to the exams you will need:

1. Complete specialized training and receive professional basic or additional education. Programs are being studied that are directly or indirectly related to the management of self-propelled vehicles of the listed categories. After completing the courses, you will receive a corresponding document confirming the assigned qualification.
2. Pass a special medical examination to obtain a medical certificate. The document must confirm the complete absence of medical contraindications for driving self-propelled vehicles.

Each category of rights requires an appropriate age and a certain length of work experience:

• Category AI - from 16 years old;
• Category A II - from 19 years old, 12 months of experience in automobile category B;
• Category A III - from 19 years old, 12 months of experience in category C;
• Category A IV - from 22 years old, total experience of 12 months for category D driving license;
• Category B, C, E, F—from 17 years old;
• Category D - from 18 years old.

Only if all of the above conditions are fully met can you undergo special training and pass the relevant exams.

Driver category A III

This program is designed in accordance with:

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 12, 1999 No. 796 “On approval of the Rules for admission to driving self-propelled machines and issuing tractor driver (tractor driver) licenses” (with amendments and additions approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011, No. 351 “On amendments to the Rules for admission to driving self-propelled machines and the issuance of tractor driver (tractor driver) licenses” (hereinafter referred to as the Admission Rules);

an approximate training program for drivers of category “C” vehicles, approved by Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 636 of June 18, 2010.

The program represents the minimum requirements for the results and content of training for persons to obtain the right to drive self-propelled vehicles of category “A III” (off-road vehicles with a permissible maximum weight exceeding 3,500 kilograms (except for those belonging to category “A IV”), meeting the requirements of paragraph. 11 Admission rules:

a) who have reached the age of 19 years;

b) those who have passed a medical examination and have a medical certificate of the established form for admission to driving self-propelled vehicles of the category

"A III";

c) those who have undergone professional training or received vocational education in professions (specialties) related to driving self-propelled vehicles of category “A III”, including “all-terrain vehicle driver”,

“motor vehicle driver”, “tractor driver”, etc.;

d) having a driver’s license for the right to drive a category “C” vehicle and driving experience of at least 12 months.

The program contains professional characteristics, curricula and theoretical training programs in the subjects “Features of off-road vehicles”, “Maintenance and repair of off-road vehicles”, “Safe operation of off-road vehicles. Fundamentals of driving off-road vehicles”, “Fundamentals of legislation in the field of road traffic”, “Additional skills”, “Providing first aid to victims”, thematic plan and training program for driving an off-road vehicle. At the end of the program there is a list of training materials.

The curriculum contains a list of subjects to be studied and the number of teaching hours for studying the subject.

Theoretical and practical training is carried out using educational, methodological and educational visual aids in accordance with the List of recommended training materials included in the program (Appendix 1), as well as using training equipment - an off-road vehicle of category “A III”.

Training in driving an off-road vehicle is carried out on a specially equipped site individually, under the guidance of a practical training master (instructor).

In practical classes in the subject “Providing first aid to victims,” students must improve their skills in providing first aid (self-help) to victims.

At the end of the theoretical and practical training course, the student takes a qualifying exam at the commission of the educational institution and a law exam

Basic procedure for taking the exam

Exams for obtaining a license intended for driving self-propelled vehicles are taken in a certain sequence:

1. Testing theoretical knowledge on the operation of special self-propelled vehicles, their safe operation (except category F).
2. Theory for the operation of self-propelled vehicles and agricultural equipment. Available for category F licenses and for those who have already qualified as a tractor driver.
3. Passing theory on traffic rules.
4. Testing practical knowledge of complex practical driving skills, traffic rules and the safest operation of vehicles.

The practice is completed in two stages. The first part is rented out on a site closed from traffic, which is characterized as a tractor track. The second part is carried out on a pre-selected route, which creates real operating conditions for a self-propelled vehicle.

When passing the practical part of the exam, an employee of the training center will test the following skills:

• starting to move uphill from a standstill;
• turning on a limited-width road with a one-time gear shift;
• putting the car into the box in reverse;
• placing self-propelled vehicles in a unit with a trailer in a box in reverse;
• aggregation of a self-propelled vehicle with a mounted vehicle and a trailer;
• stopping and braking at different speed levels, practicing an emergency stop.

Upon successful passing of all points of the exam, the driver receives a tractor driver's license for driving self-propelled vehicles against receipt.

The profession of driver of self-propelled vehicles: where they train and in what areas it is in demand

Loader driver, excavator driver, tractor driver - these workers are in great demand among large retailers, warehouses, transport and industrial enterprises, construction and housing and communal services. In the capital’s largest center for additional vocational training, “Professional,” they told how these professions are trained.

The training center offers several training programs for drivers of various self-propelled machines: electric forklifts, loaders with internal combustion engines, excavators, tractors.

Muscovites over 18 years of age without medical contraindications and with at least a basic general education (9 grades) can learn blue-collar jobs. On average, the course lasts about five weeks. Students learn the purposes and types of forklifts, the structure of the machine, the rules of operation of equipment, labor protection and traffic rules.

Most of the course is practical exercises. To practice technical skills, the training center has an equipped training ground, a fleet of loaders, tractors and excavators, and special simulators.

On the simulator you can practice individual skills and correct errors in control. The instrument panel and the view from the cockpit on the screen simulate the process of real work. Thanks to this, students improve their driving technique in various road, work and weather conditions. This is necessary for successfully passing the exam, obtaining a driver’s license and further operation of the car.

Upon completion of the course, students pass a mandatory qualifying exam and receive a driver's license. It gives the right to work on a certain type of equipment. Often, the exams are attended by representatives of employers interested in forklift drivers. Graduates have the opportunity to receive a job offer along with their graduation documents.

“The demand for drivers of self-propelled vehicles is very high,”

says the head of the graduate employment department
Irina Tatarchuk
.
— The employer always values ​​good specialists and pays close attention to the preparation of candidates. Our graduates are hired by hypermarkets Leroy Merlin, IKEA, Technopark shopping center, and Rot-Front. We cooperate with these companies on an ongoing basis and are glad that our partners highly appreciate the level of training of Professional graduates.

Reference

The educational center is under the jurisdiction of the capital’s Department of Labor and Social Protection. In the direction of the capital's employment center, here you can learn a variety of working professions for free, undergo retraining or advanced training courses in modern in-demand specialties. “Professional” also conducts trainings and webinars on employment and career development issues.

Information on training can be found on the “Professional” website or ask questions by phone.

Press service of the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of Moscow

What does the issued certificate look like?

When passing exams in the categories of self-propelled equipment, the specialist receives a professional tractor driver certificate.

Previously issued rights of such a plan are withdrawn from him, and all authorizing records and marks are transferred to a new document.

The necessary restrictive, permissive and informational entries are entered in the “Special notes” column . This may be length of service, qualification restrictions, blood type, mark of control in lenses or glasses, and so on.

A tractor driver's or simply a tractor driver's license is issued for a period of up to 10 years . After this time, the document must be replaced as it is considered invalid.

OCHU DPO "Educational (VAO)

Address : m. Shchelkovskaya, st. Montazhnaya, 3, building 2, office 25 Website : https://9784023.ru Telephone , Cost : on request
Program “Bulldozer driver”
A program of professional training, retraining and advanced training in the specialty of bulldozer driver, which was developed by specialists from the educational , includes lectures on general technical and specialized topics, practicing practical techniques characteristic of this profession.

The task of educational teachers is to provide professional training to employees, which includes theoretical and practical knowledge on the following issues:

• Fundamental structure and design features of the equipment
• Connection methods and design of attachments
• Types and characteristics of soils and building materials that are processed using a bulldozer
• Reading drawings and assembly diagrams of parts and components of equipment
• Theory and practical skills of operating a bulldozer
• Safety precautions, labor protection instructions and worker responsibilities
• Development of a plan for organizing work on the site
• Traffic rules for heavy equipment

The content of the training course was prepared by experienced teachers who are familiar with the specifics of the profession and the requirements set by the examination committee. The program includes the required number of hours of practical training, which will help you understand the nuances of the specialty, develop skills in interacting with technology, and gain experience in the practical use of transport. Training involves practicing driving techniques, moving various materials within the site, loading and unloading operations, leveling the ground, refueling and changing lubricants.

Upon completion of the training, all students receive certificates of completion of the course and access to take a theoretical and practical exam by a commission of Gostekhnadzor experts. Passing the exams opens the way to independent work on a bulldozer. As documentary evidence, a tractor driver's license is issued with authorization marks placed opposite the categories in which the specialist underwent training or advanced training.

NIGHT DPO "MOSDOR" (South-Eastern Administrative District)

Address : m. Tekstilshchiki, st. Artyukhina, 6 bldg. 1 Website : https://www.ukkmosdor.ru Phone , +7 (499) 178-01-10 Cost : category “E”: (vocational training, 480 hours) - 6,000 rubles, professional retraining (250 hours) — 6,000 rub., advanced training (category, 144 hours) — 3,000 rub.

AT NIGHT DPO "MOSDOR" courses are held for the profession of bulldozer operator. Training is conducted by experienced instructors. The program includes: a theoretical and practical knowledge base, a well-thought-out curriculum and qualification characteristics.

The profession of “bulldozer operator” is a training program for workers of 4-8 categories:

• 4th category - control of equipment with power up to 60 hp.
• 5th category - control of equipment with a power of 60-100 hp.
• 6th category - control of equipment with a power of 100-200 hp.
• 7th category - control of equipment with a power of 200-380 hp.
• 8th category - control of equipment with a power of over 380 hp.

The program is designed for students with different levels of education (for grades 4 and 5, from grade 6, secondary vocational education is required). Within 3-4 months, a special theoretical and practical course will be completed with an emphasis on bulldozers of the resulting category. Sufficient time is allocated for industrial training and qualification work. At the end of the course, the student will learn how to correctly perform work (in accordance with established technical standards at the enterprise) related to the qualification characteristics.

At the end of training to become a bulldozer operator, it is necessary to pass an exam under the supervision of a special commission consisting of representatives of the training and an inspector from the State Technical Supervision Service.

The exam includes:

• Theoretical part - traffic rules and rules for operating a bulldozer
• The practical part is completing the assigned task on a closed training ground, in conditions close to reality

After passing the exam, representatives of the training center will issue a Certificate of the appropriate type with all the necessary Gostekhnadzor marks, confirming qualifications (category in the specialty “Bulldozer Operator”).

Educational (South Eastern Administrative District)

Address : m. Tekstilshchiki, st. Artyukhina, 6, bldg. 1, 1st floor, room. I-II, com. 4 Website : https://www.nouimei.ru Phone : +7(499) 179-08-34 Cost : from 7990 rub.
Basic vocational training program:

• Bulldozer operator 4th category (retraining) - 182 hours
• Bulldozer operator 5th category (retraining) - 166 hours
• Bulldozer operator 6th category (retraining) - 146 hours
• Bulldozer driver (for students trained as tractor driver, loader driver) - 116 hours
• Category “E” bulldozer operator (retraining) – 116 hours

The bulldozer operator training program includes:

• Theoretical basis
• Practical training

A worker who has completed the training course will be able to:

• Carry out any planning-type work during the road construction process
• Maintain roads regardless of climate conditions
• Clear and fill soil, snow, etc. That is, it will be able to perform work of a similar plan

The listener acquires the skills:

• Perform work duties completely, in accordance with the requirements of the professional standard
• Maintaining safety during work
• Safe operation of equipment and compliance with road safety requirements

In case of successful passing of the qualification exam at the Moscow State Technical Supervision Commission, a certificate of assignment of the profession “Bulldozer driver”, a tractor driver (tractor driver) certificate, is issued.