The actions of drivers in situations where roads intersect are clearly regulated. In order to avoid penalties, you must confidently determine the intersection of roadways at an intersection. The fact is that their boundaries do not always coincide; at a complex intersection there may be several intersections of roadways, the rules of passage of which differ significantly. The ability to navigate in these areas is necessary for every road user.
Have you ever needed the help of a car lawyer?
Not really
Concepts of intersection and roadway
Let us quote paragraph 1.2 of the traffic rules:
Practical determination of the center point of an intersection can be difficult since the exact search methods are not specified.
To find the intersection of roadways, you should take a pair adjacent to the intersection and determine the area of its overlap.
In the figure, the intersection of roadways is highlighted with a yellow line. Let's look at some common options.
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The simplest intersection
The simplest intersection is the intersection of two roads at right angles. Junctions in the shape of the letter T also apply to simple intersections. To simplify perception, the image does not show the rounding of roadways.
Having designed the direction of the roads, we obtain the zone of their intersection of their roadways, indicated by a pink square.
There are 3 carriageways at the T-junction.
Let's imagine the intersection of roads in the form of a three-rayed star:
In this case, the intersection of roadways forms a triangle.
Adjacent to the intersection of two roads at an angle of ninety degrees, gives a square-shaped overlap area.
Driving through intersections
13.1. When turning right or left, the driver must give way to pedestrians and cyclists crossing the roadway onto which he is turning.
13.2. It is prohibited to drive to an intersection, the intersection of roadways or a section of an intersection marked by marking 1.26 if there is a traffic jam ahead along the route that will force the driver to stop, creating an obstacle to the movement of vehicles in the transverse direction, with the exception of turning right or left in the cases established by these Rules.
13.3. An intersection where the traffic order is determined by traffic lights or traffic controller signals is considered regulated.
When there is a flashing yellow signal, non-functioning traffic lights or the absence of a traffic controller, the intersection is considered unregulated, and drivers are required to follow the rules for driving through uncontrolled intersections and the priority signs installed at the intersection.
Signalized intersections
13.4. When turning left or making a U-turn at a green traffic light, the driver of a trackless vehicle must give way to vehicles moving straight or to the right from the opposite direction. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.
13.5. When driving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a yellow or red traffic light, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles moving from other directions.
13.6. If traffic lights or traffic controller signals allow the movement of a tram and trackless vehicles at the same time, then the tram has priority regardless of the direction of its movement. However, when moving in the direction of the arrow turned on in the additional section simultaneously with a red or yellow traffic light, the tram must give way to vehicles moving from other directions.
13.7. A driver who enters an intersection when the traffic light signal permits must drive in the intended direction regardless of the traffic light signal at the exit from the intersection. However, if at the intersection in front of the traffic lights located on the driver’s route there are stop lines (signs 6.16), the driver must follow the signals of each traffic light.
13.8. When the traffic light turns on, the driver is obliged to give way to vehicles completing their movement through the intersection, and to pedestrians who have not completed crossing the roadway in this direction.
Uncontrolled intersections
13.9. At the intersection of unequal roads, the driver of a vehicle moving on a secondary road must give way to vehicles approaching on the main road, regardless of the direction of their further movement.
At such intersections, a tram has an advantage over trackless vehicles moving in the same or opposite direction on an equivalent road, regardless of the direction of its movement.
The paragraph is no longer valid. — Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 26, 2017 N 1300.
13.10. In the event that the main road changes direction at an intersection, drivers moving along the main road must follow the rules for driving through intersections of equivalent roads. Drivers driving on secondary roads should follow the same rules.
13.11. At an intersection of equivalent roads, except in the case provided for in paragraph 13.11(1) of the Rules, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles approaching from the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.
At such intersections, the tram has priority over trackless vehicles, regardless of the direction of its movement.
13.11(1). When entering an intersection where there is a roundabout and which is marked with sign 4.3, the driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving along such an intersection.
13.12. When turning left or making a U-turn, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to vehicles moving on an equivalent road from the opposite direction straight or to the right. Tram drivers should follow the same rule among themselves.
13.13. If the driver cannot determine the presence of surface on the road (darkness, mud, snow, etc.), and there are no priority signs, he should assume that he is on a secondary road.
Road with a median
Quote:
Marking 1.2.1 is a solid line. A dividing strip can be thought of as a non-working section of the road on which you cannot move or stop. The functional purpose is to ensure the safety of road users. There is a separation of traffic flows. Driving into the oncoming lane becomes difficult or impossible.
A dividing strip is mandatory on the highway.
Dividing strip on one of the roads
A road with a dividing strip has two carriageways. The intersection of roads, one of which has a dividing strip, forms a complex intersection, shown in the figure:
Here the usual road is directed from left to right, and with a dividing strip from top to bottom. At such an intersection there are 2 separate intersections of roadways.
The area between the pink squares represents the roadway in the gap in the median.
Possible mistakes
When turning at an intersection, some drivers make mistakes, and therefore, as a result of incorrectly performing the maneuver, they can become involved in an accident. Most often, they do not give way to oncoming cars, although the traffic situation obliges them to do so. But there are other violations of the rules:
- At the intersection of roads with a dividing strip, it is a mistake to turn around a small radius. In this situation, the traffic police inspector has the right to charge the driver with driving into oncoming traffic. You can pay for this mistake with your driver's license.
- At some intersections, you can turn left not only from the far left lane, but also from the adjacent one. Drivers mistakenly believe that they can make a U-turn from this lane. But the trajectory of their movement during the maneuver intersects with the trajectory of cars that turn left from the far left lane. To avoid getting into an accident, before turning the car around, you need to change lanes to the far left.
- When turning the car, the driver must carefully monitor the trajectory of vehicles behind. Other road users should also remain vigilant. If the driver notices that the car in front is entering a long path to turn, you need to allow him to complete the maneuver and not try to quickly rush to the left, cutting off the corner. This may lead to an accident.
When exiting a U-turn at a narrow intersection, it is unacceptable to hit:
- curbstone;
- a zebra crossing located in close proximity to the intersection of roadways;
- a continuous line, close to the intersection.
In order not to run over a curb, zebra crossing or solid line, when turning your car around, you need to stay strictly within the boundaries of the intersection.
Crossroads of several roads
A roundabout is often organized at the intersection of several roads:
The intersection of roadways at a roundabout is shown in the figure:
It is a mistake to believe that stopping at such an intersection is prohibited.
The rules allow stopping no closer than 5m from the intersection of roadways, including at a roundabout intersection.
Rules for driving at controlled intersections
Rules for driving through a T-junction. Signalized intersections
Permitted directions of movement at various traffic lights, including with one or two additional sections, can be viewed here.
Rule 6. If traffic at an intersection is controlled by a traffic controller, then his actions have the highest priority. This means that all his instructions on the driving order are mandatory for drivers, even if they contradict traffic lights, signs and road markings. In other words, the traffic controller at the intersection is more important than the traffic lights, signs and road markings.
Permitted directions of movement at various traffic controller signals can be viewed at this link.
These were the rules for driving through signalized intersections. Now some “everyday” recommendations for driving through an intersection with a traffic light and in general for driving at traffic lights.
Paragraph 6.2 of the traffic rules allows movement on a green flashing signal and prohibits movement on a yellow signal, but allows it if emergency braking is required to stop (paragraph 6.14 of the traffic rules). Therefore, if you approach a traffic light with a green flashing signal (flashing for 3 seconds), immediately decide whether you will pass or stop (of course, depending on the distance to the traffic light, your speed and other circumstances). Your intentions must be clear to other drivers driving behind you:
if you decide to continue driving, accelerate so that the car behind you has time to pass you (if its driver expresses such a desire);
if you decide to stop, lightly press the brake pedal so that the brake lights come on;
If stopping at a traffic light requires intensive braking, be sure to monitor the situation behind you in the rear-view mirror to avoid being hit by a car moving behind you. But it is better not to allow such a situation.
When approaching an intersection with a traffic light where the signal has just turned green, always reduce your speed, even if the road is clear, because there is a possibility of colliding with a car completing the intersection from other directions, especially at “closed”, poorly visible intersections.
If you approach a traffic light with a red light on, then reduce your speed in advance and try to drive so that when you approach it, the green light will already turn on, and you can drive through the intersection without stopping.
If you are the first at a traffic light and are going to continue moving in a straight direction, then you should start driving with intense acceleration so as not to delay the drivers who are driving behind you. If you are standing second (third, fourth, etc.) at a traffic light, try to start driving at the same time or with a minimum separation from the car driving in front of you.
Now let's talk about the safety of passing signalized intersections.
An alternative understanding of the intersection of roadways
There is an alternative to the generally accepted understanding of the term “crossing roadways.” Vehicles can move in pink-colored areas, which means they belong to the carriageways of one of the roads or are separate carriageways. Such reasoning leads to the conclusion that the boundaries of the intersection and the intersection of roadways coincide, therefore, the traffic rules change. The alternative understanding should not be used when taking a driver's license test or presented to a traffic inspector.
What to answer
If we start from paragraph 13.12, then in this situation you need to give way to cars that are leaving the oncoming secondary road. And at the same time they move straight or to the right.
But then your car, having made a turn and found itself in the direction of the main road, will stop the movement of all traffic catching up with you along the main road. And here I remember paragraph 13.19. He says there is an advantage to transport on the main road. In this case, the cars behind will have to slow down and wait for the passage to become clear.
There is another point. Having turned and found yourself in the direction of the main road at an intersection, from a legal point of view this does not allow the vehicle to be considered to be on the main road. We are talking about a crossroads here. That is, the area between the lawns has an equal relationship to the secondary and main roads.
Another question arises. Which of the motorists leaving secondary roads is obliged to yield the right of way. And if an accident happens, who will be at fault?
A detailed explanation is needed here.
