Traffic rules 2021 with comments and illustrations. Let's tell a beginner, remind a professional.

Start of movement, maneuvering

The beginning of movement is the beginning of beginnings.

This topic in the exam papers covers more than three questions in one paper.

The first rule - before the first trip on the road, a novice driver must confidently master all the controls of the car -

to press the brake or gas pedal in time.

Know that it is necessary to turn on the direction indicators in advance when performing a maneuver, and turn them off immediately after its completion.

When entering the road from adjacent areas, give way to everyone who crosses your path.

⁠Turning is carried out only from the leftmost lane; exceptions may only be for long road trains or narrow roadways.

General provisions

First of all, it is enough to know that in Russia there is right-hand traffic and you can only move on the extreme right side of the road, and use your eye to determine the width of the roadway. The first step is to divide the road

in half and know your lane for traffic; the lane width according to GOST should be from 2.5 to 4 meters. The right of way for traffic is given to those who have their own lane free or are on the main road.

Traffic rules - traffic rules 2021

At the very end of last year, the State Duma managed to pass in the first reading a bill regulating electronic document flow when processing insurance payments under compulsory motor liability insurance. It is already possible to file an accident using special applications, but the original paper documents will still have to be taken to the insurance company in person or sent by Russian Post. The innovations will eliminate this stage - after the adoption of the law, the driver injured in an accident will be able to send documents in electronic form through the State Services website.

An inspection of the car by an insurance company expert is no longer necessary either - the specialist will use photographs received through the OSAGO Assistant application when calculating the payment. But it is precisely this point that causes the most complaints from insurers. They fear a surge in fraud and claims from customers who may incur additional costs due to hidden damage. In any case, the law provides for a two-year transition period, during which documents are allowed to be drawn up in the old way.

The State Traffic Safety Inspectorate intends to allow 17-year-old teenagers to drive cars, said Deputy Head of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate Vladimir Kuzin. According to the official, this will allow young people to quickly integrate into adult life and find work. It is expected that next year changes will be made to the regulations for exams for the right to obtain a driver’s license, which will allow driving a category “B” car or a category “B1” motorcycle from the age of 17. True, only if an adult with a license of the appropriate category is in the vehicle together with the young driver.

You can take your driving test at the age of 17 now, but you are still only allowed to get behind the wheel at eighteen. The traffic police believe that driving skills may be lost during a year of waiting. At the same time, the regulations being developed propose to introduce the opportunity to take exams at the age of 16, but only with the written permission of the child’s legal representative.

From January 1, 2021, drivers do not need to buy a car first aid kit in stores - they can assemble it themselves. This does not mean that old first aid kits will have to be thrown away... Drivers can carry existing ones until their expiration date expires, but no longer than until December 31, 2024, according to the official website of the Ministry of Health. The current composition of the first aid kit was approved by order of the department in October 2021, which added masks and gloves to the list of mandatory medical equipment.

And it’s not just about the coronavirus: a mask and gloves will in any case help protect the victim from infection and dirt. In addition to them, the list of means includes a device for artificial respiration, a tourniquet, gauze bandages, sterile wipes and adhesive plasters. Medicines and medications that require knowledge and special storage conditions have not been in the medicine cabinet for several years. The fine for the absence of a first aid kit or its incorrect composition is 500 rubles.

The Russian State Traffic Safety Inspectorate has tested video recording systems for violations, which are installed on patrol cars and allow traffic to be monitored while on the move. Cameras (from two to four) are mounted in flashing beacons on the roofs of traffic police vehicles, and a tablet is installed in the vehicle interior to control the system.

The complex allows you to monitor the situation from all sides and monitors a number of violations, including speeding, regardless of whether the patrol car is in motion or parked. The systems can be installed on any machine. The received data is immediately sent to the violation recording centers, which will issue fines; it will be impossible to issue a fine on the spot.

The upcoming changes to the traffic rules should also solve the problem with the implementation of the standards prescribed in the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union. Now the requirements of the document can actually be ignored, since liability for failure to comply is not provided for in current laws. For example, it is impossible to punish for using summer tires in winter and studded tires in summer, as well as for driving with different tires. This also applies to abnormal modifications to optics, excessive tinting, problems with steering and brakes.

In order to introduce punishment, prohibitions must be included in the list of faults for which the operation of vehicles is prohibited - it is this gap that the innovations that will go into effect on June 1, 2021 should fill. The fine for such violations is now 500 rubles. It is possible that they will also have time to review it.

Travel speed

Next, you need to be able to maintain the speed of your car corresponding to the speed of traffic on the road, and when moving slowly, not interfere with other road users, for which you can also get a fine. To join the flow you must be ready for it.

If you are afraid and cannot move at the set speed, or for any other reason, simply turn on the hazard lights, look in the rearview mirror and gradually begin to move to the right, and stop on the side of the road, or as far to the right as possible to the edge of the roadway, put up a warning triangle at a distance of at least 15 meters behind your car. If you are on a turn, the distance from your car to the sign must be at least 30 meters.

Permissible speed according to the Rules:

In residential and courtyard areas no more than 20 km/h
On roads in populated areas no more than 60 km/h
Outside the populated area no more than 90 km/h ( there are restrictions for various vehicles)
On the Motorway no more than 110 km/h and no less than 40 km/h (there are restrictions for various vehicles)

More details here

Traffic rules 2021 with comments and illustrations. Let's tell a beginner, remind a professional.

Before we begin, we want you to read some interesting facts:

The length of roads in Russia is 1.4 million km;
The number of registered cars in the Russian Federation is more than 48 million;
The number of traffic lights is more than 100 thousand;
The number of road accidents in 2015 was more than 135 thousand.
The number of intersections, pedestrian crossings, signs is simply too many to count;

Impressive, isn't it? Living in our city and traveling along familiar routes from year to year, we don’t even think about such scales.

When you move around your city, you have complete confidence in your actions. There are two reasons for this:

You are used to driving like this;
That's how everyone drives.

When you find yourself in a foreign city, the second reason becomes the main one. The train of thought is approximately the following: “So, here everyone turns left, well, they are local, they know better, then I’ll go here too.”

And not many people think, how do their actions relate to the rules of the road?

According to statistics, about 30% of traffic flow does not follow official rules, but “folk” rules based on the driver’s personal feelings.

Such driving often leads to accidents (about 90% of all accidents occur due to violation of the rules).

Why is this happening? There are several explanations here. First, as paradoxical as it may be, over time you forget how to drive a car.

Information that we do not use for a long time is forgotten over time - that’s how our memory works.

For example, do you think that a resident of Murmansk will leave the tram for St. Petersburg? In Murmansk we have never seen trams. But in driving schools this topic is taught only in theory.

The second reason is that the rules are constantly changing. If you received your license at least 5 years ago and have never tested your knowledge since then, we recommend that you do so. You will most likely be surprised by the test result.

Did you know that eleven-time Russian champion in auto racing Alexey Dudukalo every year purchases the latest edition of traffic rules and is tested for knowledge of the rules?

A special edition of traffic rules 2021 with comments and illustrations is suitable for both students and seasoned pros.

For the student

For the student, the collection contains all the traffic rules in the current edition. The number of illustrations and their quality have been increased. You no longer need to peer at black and white images and guess what exactly is depicted - everything is visible accurately and unambiguously.

After each chapter there is a short questionnaire on the main topics of the chapter - this way the student can independently check their mastery of the material, see their strengths and weaknesses, and understand where they need to improve their knowledge.

In addition, after each topic, we specially inserted several blank sheets so that the future driver could write a commentary from the teacher, write down his questions, etc.

For better understanding and memorization, some questions are depicted using infographics (schematically), rather than written in a pile of text. This is, for example, a topic with a traffic controller, tram traffic, etc.

At the end we have placed a separate section, which we called “Life hack for a novice driver.” In this section, we describe some situations that may occur while driving and solutions for each such situation.

What to do if stopped by a traffic police officer? What rights and responsibilities does a driver have? What types of insurance are there? How to protect your car from theft? How to properly maintain a car? Where and how should wheels be stored? – you will find answers to these and many other questions, which at first glance seem elementary, in a special section of the publication.

After reading the collection, many driving schools and traffic police inspectors who take the exam began to recommend it as the most complete training manual.

By the way, Vladimi Chagin, a seven-time champion of the Dakar Rally in the truck class, admits in one of his interviews that he regularly tests himself on his knowledge of traffic rules. He installed an application on his phone specifically for this purpose.

For a professional

How will our collection be useful for professional drivers?

Firstly, we all know the saying “Even an old woman has a problem” - no matter how confident a person is in his knowledge and experience, it is still worth refreshing the information from time to time, especially when it comes to traffic rules, changes to which are made annually;

Secondly, we tried and collected comments for you on each rule. Now you can not only learn about the change, but also read why and how exactly this change is applied;

Thirdly, we are sure that you will be interested in a separate section, which contains expert opinions on the most controversial and controversial traffic rules. Traffic police inspectors explain how certain rules should be interpreted and highlight problematic issues in the area.

A new collection of traffic rules will help you better understand the material and remind you of forgotten rules. As a result, it will increase road safety!

⁠Overtaking, oncoming traffic

Overtaking is considered to be the advance of one or more vehicles into the oncoming lane .

Advancing traffic within the carriageway of the same direction is not considered overtaking.

Before overtaking, the driver must be 100% sure that the maneuver is safe. This requires both experience and cold calculation. It’s better not to take risks if the speed is already more than 80 km/h and you have less than 5 years of experience.

Driving through intersections

If you have practical driving

relatively normal, you just have to be careful not to interfere with those moving on the right, because they always have the advantage. The “right hand” advantage operates where there are no traffic lights, signs, markings, or other indicators that directly regulate traffic.

When approaching an intersection, look at the signs and be prepared to change lanes in advance. It is advisable to choose the route in advance.

When turning left, give way to oncoming people. Always and everywhere give way to pedestrians.

Traffic rules 2021 with 3D photos, pictures and comments

The list of faults and conditions under which the operation of vehicles is prohibited has been clarified:

driving on summer tires in winter and studded tires in summer;
installing studded tires on only one axle;
non-standard xenon lamps;
disabling the “native” headlight cleaner.

Even a small leak of working fluid in the power steering or spontaneous turning of the steering wheel are considered violations.

Traffic police inspectors will be able to fine drivers under Article 12.5 of the Administrative Code, which provides for a minimum penalty of 500 rubles.

Ground crossings of the roadway are divided into:

adjustable, where in addition to markings, traffic lights are installed;
unregulated, marked only with zebra markings and corresponding signs warning motorists.

According to clause 14.1 of the traffic rules as amended in 2021, a citizen driving a vehicle is obliged to give way to pedestrians crossing or entering the roadway to cross the road.

In the previous version, the rules obligated the motorist to slow down and stop before a pedestrian crossing if citizens were crossing the road or were about to cross the road.

In November 2021, the texts of the traffic rules and the Code of Administrative Offenses were simply brought into compliance. Previously, the Rules prescribed that pedestrians should be allowed to pass, and in accordance with the Code, the inspector could fine them for the fact that the driver did not give way, i.e. did not provide the opportunity to cross the road section, although the citizen has such an advantage. Secondly, the traffic rules did not describe what it means to “give way to a pedestrian.”

Now in both cases there is a clear requirement, an explanation of which is given in paragraph 1.1 of the Rules. According to its text, if a maneuver on the road could force other participants with the right of way to change their speed or direction, then the road user should not perform it. In the case of a pedestrian crossing, a citizen moving on foot has priority. If his movement and the vehicle occur at the same time and in the same place, then the car is obliged to give way. Otherwise, a traffic participant moving on foot will have to stop or speed up to avoid being hit.

Accordingly, at a pedestrian crossing where traffic lights are not installed, the following rules should be followed:

It is imperative to give the opportunity to cross the road to a pedestrian who has already begun this maneuver. The requirement does not apply to citizens who have not yet stepped on a zebra crossing.
The driver, approaching the crossing, must assess the speed and trajectory of the pedestrian intending to cross the roadway. The motorist must first slow down and stop if the current situation requires it. Thus, the pedestrian who begins to cross the road should give way and create conditions to do so calmly.
It is allowed to continue driving after making sure that the pedestrian has left the intersection of traffic directions. The rules do not require you to wait until he leaves the entire width of the road. It is important that the car allowed the pedestrian to pass.

Currently, the practice of photographing traffic violations is widespread. Such devices can also be installed in areas of unregulated pedestrian crossings. If the camera records a violation of clause 14.1 of the traffic rules, a fine will be issued automatically.

Examples of correct zebra crossing when a pedestrian is walking along it:

Violators of Article 14.1 are subject to administrative sanctions provided for in Art. 12.18 Code of Administrative Offences. Failure to comply with the requirements to give way to participants with priority (except for vehicle drivers) may result in a fine of 1,500 to 2,500 rubles.

The decision on the amount of the fine is made by the traffic police inspector who recorded the violation, depending on the totality of road factors. The automatic recording camera will issue a fine based on the maximum value.

Location of vehicles on the roadway

When turning left or making a U-turn, take the extreme left position on your side of the road.

That is, the road

divided by gender.
Yours, accordingly, is on the right side of the roadway. When turning right, take the extreme right position and turn only in a small radius, which means from the extreme right to the extreme right position
on the road.
The same goes for turning left. Look in advance at the signs indicating the direction of movement in the lanes. Read more here

Traffic rules 2021 online exam in Russia

Traffic fines for 2021 will need to be paid by pedestrians who have received a new status and must learn more than one new rule. You will have to learn new rules, and pay a fine for failure to comply. What’s new is that pedestrians will have to give way to new road users, but only if they are moving along a bike path or when crossing it. You can cross the road only if there are signs for above-ground and underground pedestrian crossings. If there are no signs, the classic traffic rules apply, and not those introduced in 2021.

After the advent of SIM, the traffic rules for 2021 have changed, and new signs are used to indicate each change. Each one introduces a new ban or restriction, but allows traffic participants to figure out how to behave correctly on the road and not get a fine for breaking the rule. The signs for electric scooters and other vehicles included in the SIM category look like this. You need to remember them to avoid fines.

Traffic rules changes from September 2021 - 12/16/2020
Changes in traffic rules from December 2021 - 03/12/2020
Changes in traffic rules from January 2021 - 09/11/2020
The Ministry of Transport has prepared a number of amendments to the traffic rules [review] - 09/14/2020
Parking, tinting, speed limits - new amendments from the Ministry of Transport - 09/14/2020

Traffic rules changes from June 2021 - 12/27/2018
Changes in traffic rules from January 2021 - 12/27/2018
The insurance ombudsman will work in Russia from January 9, 2021 - 12/27/2018
Passing traffic rules when replacing licenses from January 1, 2021: latest news - 12/27/2018
The fine for dangerous driving has been postponed to 2021 - 12/27/2018

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The publication contains the text of the current Traffic Rules of the Russian Federation for 2021 with examples, illustrations, comments and explanations of the main terms and concepts of road safety, a table of administrative fines and other useful information, including the requirements of GOSTs R 51256-2018, R 58398-2019 and R 52289-2019. The traffic police draws attention to the fact that innovations will appear gradually, after changes in national standards regulating the installation of road signs and the application of road markings. The book uses photographs and modern 3D graphics with realistic depictions of road situations and environments as illustrations. For specialists, practitioners, vehicle drivers and those who are yet to become one.

1.1. These Traffic Rules establish a uniform traffic procedure throughout the entire territory of the Russian Federation. Other regulations relating to road traffic must be based on the requirements of the Rules and not contradict them.

1.2. The Rules use the following basic concepts and terms:

“Motorway” is a road marked with sign 5.1 and having carriageways for each direction of travel, separated from each other by a dividing strip (and in its absence, by a road fence), without intersections at the same level with other roads, railway or tram tracks, pedestrian or bike paths.

Traffic lights and traffic controller signals

Traffic light

cancels the actions of priority signs, but does not cancel the indication of signs prescribing the direction of movement, and
the traffic controller
can cancel the instructions of the traffic light, any road signs and markings, but do not forget that traffic on the lanes must comply with
the Rules for driving through intersections
.

If there is no traffic light or traffic controller, look at the signs or markings

Signs are more important than markings, and a temporary sign is more important than a permanent sign.

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From April 1, 2021, the practical test on all vehicles except motorcycles will be conducted exclusively in urban conditions. The “playground” is canceled because it does not provide useful independent driving skills. 1.33 million people got licenses in 2021

The system for assessing the actions of driver candidates will also change. Previously, the list of gross errors after which the examiner could immediately stop the test included 17 points; now there are 19. Now you can go for a retake for not fastening your seat belt, hitting a curb, and engaging reverse gear three times when parking.

At the same time, the practical exam for the right to drive motorcycles, mopeds, ATVs and tricycles will remain the same - it will be taken in closed areas.

According to statistics from driving schools, almost 50% of driver candidates were eliminated during the “platform” test. Now they will all be immediately allowed to drive in the city.

The most current text of the Road Traffic Rules, as well as ALL the latest changes!
Detailed comments on paragraphs of the Traffic Rules
Color illustrations, road signs and markings in the text of the Rules
Basic combinations of road signs with signs for them
Explanations on compulsory motor liability insurance and design features of the Europrotocol
List of required medications in the first aid kit
Information on first aid in case of an accident

Pedestrians are the largest category of traffic participants, let's start with them.

When moving on a bicycle path and crossing it, pedestrians will have to give way not only to cyclists, but also to SIM.

It will be possible to cross the road at pedestrian crossings, underground and above-ground pedestrian crossings, provided that they are marked with signs 6.6 “Underground pedestrian crossing” and 6.7 “Overground pedestrian crossing”, respectively. In the absence of crossings, as today, the road can be crossed at intersections along the sidewalks or curbs.

The first group of changes is associated with the emergence of new participants in the movement - people on SIM. Now you need to give way not only to pedestrians, but also to people using a SIM card. Relevant when leaving adjacent territories and when leaving the road into the adjacent territory (into the yard).

Once again it is planned to adjust traffic at roundabouts. When entering an intersection with a roundabout, you will have to give way to other cars moving in a circle, provided that the intersecting roads are equivalent and there is a sign 4.3 “Roundabout”.

If there are signs 3.30 and 3.29 on both sides of the street (no parking on even and odd dates), it is planned to change the time for reinstalling the car - now it is from 19 to 21 hours, according to the new edition it will be from 21 to 24 hours.

There is a ban on stopping on guide islands and traffic islands.

Changes in traffic rules will also affect people with disabilities. Only disabled people specified in the law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons” will be able to stand under signs 3.28 “Parking prohibited” or 3.29–3.30 (parking prohibited on even-odd days of the month): groups 1–2 and group 3 with “limited ability to move independently.” "

You can use any first aid kit, fire extinguisher and warning triangle in your car.

The light transmission of the front windows will decrease from 75% to 70%.

Stopping and parking

We drive further and think about where we can stop or park without violating traffic rules. You cannot stop or even pick up or drop off passengers at railway crossings or in tunnels. Also, stopping is prohibited on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them if there are less than three lanes for traffic in a given direction . The correct choice of a place to stop or park on the road, where the width of the roadway depends

or the distance from your car to the continuous marking line must be at
least 3 meters . Where stopping is prohibited, parking is prohibited. More details here

Changes in traffic rules from 2021: what amendments are expected

5.1. Passengers are required to: - when traveling in a vehicle equipped with seat belts, be wearing them, and when riding a motorcycle - wear a fastened motorcycle helmet; - boarding and disembarking should be done from the sidewalk or curb and only after the vehicle has completely stopped. If boarding and alighting is not possible from the sidewalk or curb, it may be carried out from the roadway, provided that it is safe and does not interfere with other road users.

5.2. Passengers are prohibited from: - distracting the driver from driving the vehicle while it is moving; — when traveling on a truck with a flatbed, stand, sit on the sides or on a load above the sides; — open the doors of the vehicle while it is moving.

6.1. Traffic lights use green, yellow, red and white-lunar light signals. Depending on the purpose, traffic light signals can be round, in the form of an arrow(s), a silhouette of a pedestrian or a bicycle, or X-shaped. Traffic lights with round signals may have one or two additional sections with signals in the form of a green arrow(s), which are located at the level of the green round signal.

6.2. Round traffic lights have the following meanings: — GREEN SIGNAL allows movement; — A GREEN FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs that its time is expiring and a prohibitory signal will soon be turned on (digital displays can be used to inform drivers about the time in seconds remaining until the end of the green signal); — YELLOW SIGNAL prohibits movement, except as provided for in paragraph 6.14 of the Rules, and warns of an upcoming change of signals; — YELLOW FLASHING SIGNAL allows movement and informs about the presence of an unregulated intersection or pedestrian crossing, warns of danger; — A RED SIGNAL, including a flashing one, prohibits movement. — The combination of red and yellow signals prohibits movement and informs about the upcoming activation of the green signal.

6.3. Traffic light signals, made in the form of red, yellow and green arrows, have the same meaning as round signals of the corresponding color, but their effect extends only to the direction(s) indicated by the arrows. In this case, the arrow allowing a left turn also allows a U-turn, unless this is prohibited by the corresponding road sign. The green arrow in the additional section has the same meaning. A switched off signal of an additional section or a switched on red light signal of its outline means that movement in the direction regulated by this section is prohibited.

7.1. The hazard warning lights must be turned on: - in case of a traffic accident; - when forced to stop in places where stopping is prohibited; - when the driver is blinded by headlights; — when towing (on a towed motor vehicle); — when boarding and disembarking children from a vehicle that has identification marks “Transportation of Children.”

8.1. Before starting to move, change lanes, turn (U-turn) and stop, the driver is required to give signals with turn signals in the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or faulty, with his hand. When performing a maneuver, there should be no danger to traffic or interference with other road users.

The signal for a left turn (turn) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward.