Child car seats: new rules for transporting children 2021. Let’s look at all the nuances

Rules for transporting children in a car in 2021

The first fine for not having a car seat for a child, 500 rubles, was introduced in 2007. Since that time, it has increased several times, and by 2021 it amounted to 3,000 rubles. up to 100,000 rubles, depending on a number of accompanying circumstances.

Standards for the safe passage of children in vehicles were prescribed in the traffic rules back in 1993. According to them, the possibility of transporting a child in the back or front seat of a car was regulated. They established criteria under which standard seat belts could be used, or whether additional means were required.

Rules for the passage of children in motor vehicles place full responsibility for their observance on adults. According to them, there are separate standards for transporting a child in the rear or front car seat.

Children can ride in the front seat of a car if the following conditions are met:

• if a child is over twelve years old, weighs 36 kg or more, and is at least 150 cm tall, he can ride in the front seat of a car, fastened with regular car seat belts;
• If a child is under twelve years old, weighs less than 36 kg, and is not 150 cm tall, he can ride in the front using assistive safety devices (car seats and their equivalents).

Safe passage of children in the back seat of a car requires the following conditions:

• if the child is twelve years old, his weight and height have reached the required parameters (150 cm, 36 kg), he can ride in the back seat of a car, fastened with regular seat belts;
• If a child is under twelve years old, weighs less than 36 kg, and is not 150 cm tall, he can ride in the back seat of a car using additional safety equipment (child car seat and similar).

The use of auxiliary safety devices that are inappropriate for the weight, age and height of the child, according to the traffic rules, is perceived as a lack of necessary safety devices.

Transporting a child without a car seat, or with a device that is inappropriate for his age, height and weight, is punishable by penalties. The size of the fine depends on a number of factors and can range from 3 thousand rubles. up to 100 thousand rubles.

How much is the fine for a child seat in 2021?

There are several degrees of responsibility for failure to comply with the standards for the safe transportation of children in vehicles.

Individuals belonging to different groups may be subject to separate liability for violating the standards for the safe transportation of a child.

In the case of a trip in a taxi that is not suitable for transporting a child, the fine for driving without a child seat in the car will be paid by both the driver (25,000 rubles) and the passenger accompanying the child - a parent, relative (3,000 rubles) or a teacher, educator ( 25,000 rub.).

If there are clear signs of violation of the standards for the safe transportation of children, the organization providing transportation may be additionally held liable.

Rules for transporting children in a car in 2021

The basic standards for the safe transportation of children are prescribed in the traffic rules (clause 22.9). Violation of the norms prescribed in the traffic rules falls under the jurisdiction of the Administrative Code of Russia, part 3, article 12.23.

If the child is under twelve years old, but has reached the height and weight required for safe use of standard car seat belts, the situation is regulated by the norms of the administrative code prescribed in Article 12.6. (Regulation on penalties for a passenger not wearing seat belts - 1000 rubles).

In the event of an accident that causes harm to the health of a child, the situation may be regulated by the provisions of Article 238 of the Criminal Code. The amount of penalties under this article can be up to 500 thousand rubles.

A child who is not restrained and not in a car seat cannot be the reason for fines if the car is not moving.

A child who is under twelve years old, but is taller than 150 cm and weighs more than 36 kg, fastened in the back seat with standard seat belts, does not violate the safety standards prescribed by the traffic rules.

If a traffic police inspector stops an ordinary driver who is transporting a small child in his car without a seat, then he faces liability under Article 12.23 of the Code of Administrative Offenses and a fine of 3,000 rubles.

It’s another matter if such a violation is committed by a taxi who is engaged in his activity professionally and has the appropriate permits and travels in a taxi car.

In this case, the driver may be charged under Article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation - “Provision of services that do not meet the requirements for the safety of life or health of consumers.”

1. Under the first part of this article, you can receive a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles , or restriction of freedom or even imprisonment for up to 2 years.
2. According to the second part of the same article, if the case involved children under 6 years of age, or the consequences were the infliction of serious harm or the death of a person, the sanctions for the driver will be even tougher. The fine for a child without a car seat in a taxi is from 100 to 500 thousand rubles , or imprisonment for up to 6 years (!), with a fine of up to 500 thousand rubles.
3. Part three of Article 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is the most stringent and is applied if, for example, an accident results in the death of two or more persons. Sanction: up to 10 years in prison.

That is, if, for example, a taxi driver has an outstanding criminal record, and if he is caught violating Part 1 of Art. 238 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (simply transporting a child without a seat), then the judge can easily send him to jail, according to the law.

Even worse, if an accident occurs (even if the taxi driver was not at fault, they drove into him) and it turns out that the taxi driver was transporting children with disabilities, and they, God forbid, were injured, the corresponding article of the Criminal Code will inevitably be applied to the driver.

Let's look at a few important facts about transporting all children:

1. If the design of the car (or one of its seats) does not provide seat belts, then in this car (on this seat) a child can be transported without a child seat and not fastened. However, this is not safe.

2. Previously, traffic regulations required that only child restraints that could be used to fasten a child using seat belts should be used in a car. However, modern child seats are fastened using the ISOFIX standard, which does not require the use of standard seat belts. The updated rules take this issue into account. Now drivers using seats with the ISOFIX system do not have to worry about traffic police fines.

3. Previously, paragraph 22.9 dealt with vehicles, which included not only cars, but also, for example, mopeds and tractors. Those. Both mopeds and tractors had to install child restraints when transporting children. The updated rules only apply to passenger cars and truck cabs. In other vehicles, child restraints are not required.

Changes to the rules for transporting children in a car in questions and answers

The fine for not having a child seat varies depending on who committed the offense:

It is possible to pay the fine with a 50% discount within 20 days from the date of delivery of the decision to the citizen.

Most often, difficulties with the law on child seats arise in large families. One car can comfortably accommodate two, rarely three, seats, but without them all four or even five children could fit in the back seat.

Another drawback is the imposition of fines on taxi drivers. Sometimes parents deliberately do not warn that there will be a child in the cabin, so as not to increase the cost of the trip. When an inspector stops a car, the blame falls on the taxi driver. In extreme cases, the fine for parents will be 3,000 rubles, and for the driver – 25,000.

Types of car seats for children on the Russian market:

Each type of seat is used only for children of a certain age. Some car seats, for example, categories 0 and 0+, are adjustable depending on the child’s height and weight, but from 1.5 years old it is necessary to purchase a larger seat.

When purchasing a child seat for your car, there are a few things to consider:

1. Type of belt fastening. There are two types of fastenings: standard and improved - ISOFIX. Both options are suitable for passing a traffic police check, but the ISOFIX system is more reliable in the event of an accident.
2. Seat belts on the seat. Small children must be secured in the bassinet. Special built-in belts are designed for this - three- or five-point. Fixing with a safety table is also possible. The best option is a five-point harness.
3. Chair frame. The most durable and reliable is the aluminum frame, as opposed to plastic.
4. You should choose those models that are equipped with a durable, large headrest and sides.
5. Preference should be given to covers made of cotton fabric, as they are better suited to the baby's skin and do not irritate it.

• By car and driver
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Classification of child car seats

Child car seats are divided into different groups depending on the weight of the child. The maximum weight that a child car seat can support is 36 kilograms. This does not mean that it will fall apart if a child weighing, say, 40 kilograms sits on it. If a child weighs more than 36 kilograms, but his height is below 140 centimeters, this means that it will be unsafe for him to ride in a car wearing a regular seat belt without a child car seat. Such a child should still be seated in a car in a child car seat.

All over the world, children's car seats are divided into groups according to the weight and age of the child. This classification is also supported by Russian GOST. Dividing into groups allows you to select a model according to the child’s weight.

* Group 1 car seats are available that are installed rear-facing.

Group 0 car seat is a car seat that is intended for newborns, as well as for children with low weight. It resembles a stroller basket, equipped with internal seat belts. The car seat is installed on the rear seat perpendicular to the direction of travel and is secured with the car's standard seat belt.

All over the world, children's car seats are divided into groups according to the weight and age of the child. This classification is also supported by Russian GOST. Dividing into groups allows you to select a model according to the child’s weight.

Group 0+ car seat (carrying) - designed for babies from birth to approximately 1 year. The seat has a cup-shaped body, internal five-point harnesses and a comfortable handle for carrying the baby. The car seat is installed facing the direction of the car. This position is explained by the need to relieve the baby’s fragile neck and spine. Sharp braking provokes a deadly “nod” of the head, which is eliminated when the car seat is installed correctly “facing the rear.”

A Group 1 car seat is intended for children who are already sitting confidently, that is, from about 1 year. Installed facing the direction of travel. The seat must have internal five-point harnesses or a holding table, as well as a comfortable recline for sleeping. A child can stay in a group 1 car seat until they reach a weight of 15-18 kg.

The Group 2 car seat is designed for children from 3 to 7 years old. Seats of this group in their pure form are very rare. Typically, manufacturers of child car seats combine models into a group of 2-3.

A group 2-3 car seat is intended for children from 3 to 12 years old. It does not have internal five-point harnesses, so the child is secured using a standard seat belt, which is passed through special guides. Some car seats in this group have a slight recline angle for relaxation.

A group 3 car seat (booster) is a seat without a backrest. The booster has a solid construction, armrests and special seat belt guides. From a safety point of view, booster seats are undesirable because they lack side protection. Their use is possible if the child is already tall (height more than 130-135 cm). But even in this case, a full-fledged group 2-3 chair is a more suitable option. It is often written on booster packs that they can be used from 4 years of age, which in our opinion is unacceptable.

Rules for transporting children in a car

For most parents, nothing changes - the rules for transporting a child in a family car or in a taxi in 2021 remain the same. The changes affect the transportation of groups of children by bus - the rules are really becoming stricter for organizers of such trips.

Parents should be aware of these changes, at least briefly, just to monitor the safety of their children when sending them to children's camps, on school excursions, etc.

After 12 years, children can already be transported without using a car seat, but only if the child is taller than 1.5 meters. If his height does not exceed the specified mark, then it is worth using holding devices. Also, from the age of 12, a child can ride in the front seat without special restraints , fastened only with adult seat belts.

If a child is traveling in a car with his parents, in 2021 the classic transportation rules apply. The minor must be in a car seat that is suitable for his height and age. Transporting children under 12 years of age in the front seat of a car is not prohibited if special restraints are used. Parents must select the appropriate device themselves.

And for children over 7 but under 12 years old there are still some restrictions. They can also sit in the back row simply by fastening with regular seat belts. But simply transporting them in the front seat is still prohibited. If a child rides in the front, he must be in a car seat. In this case, the driver needs to turn off the passenger airbag: in the event of an accident, it will only injure the child.

All children under 7 years old will only have to ride in a car in a car seat. From a legal point of view, they cannot be fastened with regular belts, even if they are taller than 1.5 meters.

The location of the seat does not matter: the child seat must be in both the front and back rows. And it should be selected taking into account the height and weight of the child.

At what age should children be transported in special seats?

Transportation of children under 12 years of age must be carried out in accordance with traffic regulations (clause 22.9)

The main provisions of this regulatory legal act:

1. Fixing belts and a seat are a prerequisite for transportation. Other devices, including homemade ones, cannot be used in 2021, this is noted in the traffic rules.
2. In the back seat, without using a seat, but with securing belts, you can seat a child from 7 years old.
3. Placing children on motorcycles is strictly prohibited.

The driver of the vehicle is also fined if:

• the minor is in the seat, but is not wearing a seat belt;
• two children were seated in one standard chair;
• the child is fastened, but is in the arms of an adult;
• the child is large and the purchased chair does not fit;
• The car is not equipped with standard securing belts.

For transporting children without a seat, a fine is imposed after drawing up a report on the offense.

If several children are traveling in a car, and all of them are without a car seat, then a standard fine is imposed - 3,000 rubles, since only one offense was recorded. You can avoid a fine when transporting children over 7 years old by using a special seat with a belt - a booster.

The inspector does not have the right to impose a penalty if the car was not moving, for example, standing in the parking lot.

New rules for transporting children in cars in 2021

No child seat is suitable for infants, but you cannot hold them in your hands during the trip. Both options are extremely unsafe. The chair will not work because the baby’s muscles and spine are not yet fully developed: in a sitting position, he can get injured even during sudden braking. Simply holding him in your arms is also dangerous: during a collision, an adult simply will not be able to hold him.

For infants, special infant carriers are sold in which they will remain in a horizontal position at all times. This reduces the risk of injury during braking and accidents. This car seat can take up two seats. But some models can be installed in the front seat; the law does not prohibit this.

The law does not establish any restrictions on the installation location of a child seat. The only condition when transporting a child in a child seat in the front seat is the absence or deactivation of an airbag.

As for safety, the central seat in the back row is considered the most secure. This is where it is best to install a child seat in order to protect the child as much as possible in case of accidents.

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Minor passengers are allowed to be transported in cars and truck cabins, subject to certain rules. It is prohibited to transport children under 12 years of age on the back seat of a scooter or motorcycle. Now they are allowed to be transported in passenger cars if the seat is equipped with a special seat or cradle. The booster and triangular configuration adapter are not suitable for this.

Recommendations for the correct transportation of infants in vehicles are prescribed in the Russian Federation Traffic Regulations, in paragraph 22.9. The latest version states that it is not allowed to transport newborns without restraints. There are no detailed explanations, but this implies the use of a cradle, LDC, stroller, car seat, taking into account the age and weight of the passenger.

If the question arises whether it is possible to transport a small child in your arms, it is worth reading clause 22.9 of the Russian Traffic Regulations, as amended. The rules here are the same as for children under one year of age, provided that there is a device that matches the weight and age of the baby. Passengers under 7 years of age and older are allowed to travel if standard seat belts or a system with the Isofix mark -1 are provided.​​​​​​​

The law on transporting children in a car states: it is permissible to transport a child in the front seat if there is a standard restraint element. If a small passenger is in the back seat of a car or truck cab, he must be fastened with seat belts or be protected by a securing device.

It is not necessary to buy a separate seat - you can make it yourself for free, in compliance with the requirements of traffic rules for transporting children, depending on the year of birth. The created accessory will protect the little passenger if the design meets all the necessary requirements.

If you have doubts about a homemade device, it is better to buy a factory analogue. The child can be involved in choosing a child car seat. This helps to purchase the most comfortable model, taking into account anthropometric data. You should not buy an accessory “for growth”. The operation of such products does not give the desired effect. Among the main selection criteria are the types of fastenings and methods of fixation.

Without special devices, transporting children in a car in the front seat is allowed from 12 years of age. The child's height must be at least 1.5 meters. For safety, it is necessary to use standard securing straps, adjusting them accordingly.​​​​​​​

What you need to pay attention to when installing a car seat

Lecture 13. Arrangement of the bridge span, road pavement, fencing, sidewalk construction

There are several options for installing a car seat, from the simplest, most budgetary to the ultra-reliable and innovative.

1. Using seat belts. A very simple but reliable method. The places where the belts should be threaded must be indicated on the model. Plus, you need to make sure that you have detailed instructions for using the device: some models have their own nuances. In this option, the length of the belt is very important; for large models it is often not enough. In this case, you cannot deviate from the instructions and try to come up with your own fastening methods! You need to either replace the model or select other belts.
2. A special base-stand will significantly facilitate the process of using the cradle. It is securely fixed in the back seat using belts or a special system, remaining there for the entire period of use of the cradle. The carrier is quickly and easily attached to the base and does not even require the use of belts. You can initially purchase a ready-made kit or assemble it in parts. In the second case, you need to make sure that the components fit together.
3. If funds allow, it is best to choose the option with an additional leg. This device rests on the floor and on the chair, can be adjusted in height and creates an additional support point for the cradle. The design has earned the highest ratings based on the results of various tests. However, it is worth considering that there are chairs and cars that are not designed for such a system; this point needs to be checked immediately.

The infant carrier will ensure the safety of the child only if the operating conditions are met. It is necessary to regularly check the body of the product for cracks or splits. This may be a sign of internal damage to the system, which reduces its protective properties.

A car seat is a must if you travel by car. Having mom in her arms is simply dangerous and irresponsible. At one time, when choosing a stroller, we abandoned three-in-one models. We just bought two in one, and bought the car seat separately in a specialized store. We chose the most suitable one for us and our car, taking into account the weight and age of the child.

See and analyze crash test results before purchasing a car seat for your newborn baby.

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Fine for transporting children without a seat in a car in 2021

The table shows the official standards for children's car safety devices, in accordance with the law and the requirements of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate.

Law enforcement officials can impose fines not only for the absence of a child seat, but also for improper installation of the accessory, or violation of the norms for accompanying children at night. The seat is not allowed to be installed upside down. This contributes to serious injury or death as a result of an accident or emergency stop.

Children under 7 years old can only be transported in a car seat . It doesn't matter whether they ride in the front seat or in the back. In addition, according to current requirements, children under 7 years of age are prohibited from being left unattended in the car - there must be someone of age nearby.

Rules for transporting children from 7 to 11 years old depend on their location in the car:

• in the front seat - only in a car seat;
• in the back seat - you can use both a car seat and standard car seat belts.

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Child car seats may not be used if the child is over 12 years old. Thus, it is permissible to replace the car seat with other restraint devices: special pillows, boosters, and so on, while securing the baby with standard belts.

It is prohibited to transport children in your arms, in weight, in a cradle or seat from a regular stroller, using regular pillows, since these methods do not provide the proper level of safety.

The installation of child restraints is permissible:

1. In the front seat of the car.
2. In the back seat.

Transporting children in the front seat is permitted:

• for babies aged 0-1.5 years using a car seat, which is installed perpendicular to the seat or with the back to the direction of travel of the car. In this case, you need to turn off the airbag
• children of other ages using car seats. Installation of the restraining device is carried out by facing the direction of travel

Transporting children in the back seat of a vehicle is permissible:

• for infants aged 0 - 0.15 years in a car seat, installed with its back to the direction of travel
• for other children using car seats (up to 7) or other devices and regular seat belts (7-12 years old)

Penalty for not having a child seat

The regulatory act of traffic rules, paragraph 22.9, sets out the rules that must be followed when a child is in the car, in the front or rear passenger seat.

The following standards must be observed:

• up to seven years - travel in the back and front seats and with full fixation using a cradle or car seat;
• being in a seat and secured with belts is mandatory, even for short trips;
• for children from 7 years to 12 years, and large children who do not fit in a seat can be transported without a seat only in the rear seats of the car;
• The cradle or chair is selected according to age and weight.

For violation of these rules, an administrative fine is imposed for a child without a chair - 3,000 rubles in all regions, in accordance with Article 12.23 of the Administrative Code.

For leaving a child under 7 years old in the car, the penalty amount is 2,500 rubles for residents of Moscow and St. Petersburg, and 500 rubles for other regions (Clause 1.Article 12.19 of the Administrative Code).

Rules for transporting children according to traffic rules in a car in 2021

You can ride in the front seat from birth, but you must follow the prescribed rules.

This is a special device for babies under 1 year of age, designed for different categories - from 10 kg and above. The child is placed horizontally and secured with straps.

If the car seat is placed on the front passenger seat, then it is imperative that the baby’s back is facing the windshield, that is, with its back to the traffic. This is an important requirement. Such a trip is guaranteed to be safe for him. In case of sudden braking, nothing will threaten him.

Children under seven years old can be in a car seat with standard belts and the ISOFIX system. In simple terms, the child must be placed in a car seat or restraint device with a belt fastened at the same time.

Up to 7 years only in a car seat!

From 7 to 11 years

Children from 7 to 11 can sit in a seat with special ISOFIX fastenings or be buckled up. They can also be located in front, but only with the use of a child restraint system. It is important that the device matches parameters such as height and weight. Failure to comply with this condition will result in a fine. In the event of a minor collision with another car, the airbag may deploy and cause injury to the passenger - it should be turned off. If the airbag does not turn off, then it is best to give the child a seat in the rear passenger seat.

Children from 7 to 11 are in the front seat only in a car seat; in the back seat they can be fastened with seat belts.

In what cases are parents most often fined? There may be two options here:

• the child should be in a child care system, but is without it;
• not fastened.

If a passenger requires a child restraint system, but does not have one, the owner of the car will be fined 3,000 rubles. When it is permissible for a child to be without a child restraint (over 11 years old), but he is not wearing a seat belt, a fine of 1000 rubles.

The chair is installed as follows:

• move the front seat so that it is not in the way;
• we place the child control system in the right place;
• we pull the standard seat belt through the slots of the device;
• We check the strength of the installation and fastenings;
• We make sure that the belts do not squeeze, do not hang down or are not in the child’s neck area.

Installation of the equipment will not take much time, but at the same time guarantees the safety of the passenger. A car seat should be purchased with a child so that it is suitable for height and weight; you should not make a purchase “for show.”

Drivers often have questions related to the rules for transporting children in a private car. We will try to answer the most common ones:

• Where is the best (safest) place to place the car seat? – The safest place is considered to be the central part of the rear passenger sofa. You can also place a car seat with a newborn on it.
• Do you need to take documents for child care with you? A traffic police officer has the right to request a document for the device to be checked in order to ensure its safety and compliance with established rules and regulations. We recommend storing it in your vehicle.

To avoid problems with the law, you should strictly comply with them. Remember that they relate to preserving the health and life of the child, so do not neglect them.

Why is it necessary to use a child seat?

The task of every parent is to ensure the safe passage of the child in the car. The requirement for car seats was introduced for a reason: in reality, in the event of an accident, a child secured in a seat has a greater chance of surviving.

Why use a chair:

• Safe transportation of a child. Crash tests have shown that children who are not secured in a seat hit the front seat and are thrown back, resulting in life-threatening injuries.
• Safety for the driver. Because babies and teenagers are often restless, they may suddenly interfere with someone who is driving, for example by throwing a toy at them. A child fixed in a chair has limited mobility.
• Safety while playing in the car. A restrained child can do whatever he wants without slipping or hitting himself.

With the advent of car seats, many women were able to drive a car by placing the child in the front or rear seat in a restraint system. Even in the event of an accident, the child will remain secured in the cradle or seat, and most likely will not receive dangerous injuries.

At what age can a child ride in a car without a child seat?

The rules for transporting children under 12 years old from January 1, 2021 remain the same as last year.

When transporting a child under 12 years of age in a car that is equipped with seat belts, it is necessary to use child restraint systems or other devices that allow the child to be fastened with adult seat belts.” Transportation of children is permitted provided that their safety is ensured, taking into account the design features of the vehicle. Transportation of children under 12 years of age in vehicles equipped with seat belts must be carried out using child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using seat belts provided for by the design of the vehicle, and in the front seat passenger car - only with the use of child restraints."

clause 22.9 of the traffic rules

Thus, based on traffic regulations, it is permitted to transport children under 12 years of age in a car equipped with seat belts:

• in child restraint seats or infant carriers;
• using booster seats;
• other means that allow the child to fasten with adult seat belts (FEST adapter)

Changes have been made to clause 12.8 of the traffic rules regarding the prohibition of leaving children under 7 years old in a car without adult supervision. In this case, the time during which personal transport is stopped is important. If no more than 5 minutes, then you can leave the child alone.

Violation of this clause entails a fine on the driver in the amount of 2.5 thousand rubles for Moscow and St. Petersburg and 500 rubles for other regions.

What is meant by the term “special restraint device”? It can be either a car seat corresponding to the child’s age and weight category, or a booster. A child car seat for children under 7 years of age must be equipped with seat belts. Older children can be secured with standard seat belts and additionally use a booster. When placing a small passenger in the front seat, special securing devices are required.

When installing a car seat in the front seat, the airbag must be turned off.

Newborn children can travel in vehicles only in car bassinets or special-type baby carriers. Such devices are designed for a child up to 12 months old and a maximum weight of up to 13 kg. They are usually labeled category 0 or 0+.

Traveling in a car with a child from one to 7 years old (or in the cabin of a truck) is possible using car seats of categories 1,2 or 3, depending on the height and weight of the child. When fixing the seat, standard seat belts or the ISOFIX system can be used. The safety and security of the child must be ensured by its own soft belts built into the structure of the car seat.

Remember

1. Children under 7 years old can only be transported in a car seat.
2. Choose car seats with a certificate and an orange sticker - this is a guarantee of the child’s safety; you will not be fined for this.
3. The fine for transporting a child in a car not according to the rules is 3,000 rubles.
4. If you violate the rules for transporting a group of children, the driver will receive a fine of 3,000 rubles, the carrier - up to 200,000 rubles.
5. Do not leave your child alone in the car - this is unsafe for him. For this you will be fined 2,500 rubles in Moscow and St. Petersburg, and 500 rubles in other cities of Russia.

All articles by the author: Evgeniy Lesnov